LEISHMANIASIS COUNTRY PROFILE – PRIORITY COUNTRIES
As part of a WHO-led effort to monitor the progress in the control or elimination of the leishmaniases, national control programmes in
countries where the burden of the disease is high for that particular WHO Region, are providing monthly or annual data on yearly basis.
Previous and latest /media/upload/arxius/country_profiles are therefore posted in this web page for comparative purposes.
The latest version summarizes information collected for 18 and 12 indicators, for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis respectively, on
epidemiology, control and surveillance, diagnosis and treatment outcome.
The latest version of the national guidelines is also posted if available.
In addition to the 43 new profiles based on routine surveillance data, a further 101 profiles for all endemic countries worldwide are included
containing information based on a literature review and expert opinion for data as of 2008 (maps) and 2010 (number of cases).
Country profiles have been provided by the WHO- Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD).
Nepal
Nepal is endemic for VL in the Indian subcontinent.
Historically, VL was highly prevalent but the number of cases was reduced significantly due to extensive use of DDT in the 1960s. VL was officially reported again in 1980, when incidence was observed to steadily increase and cases and deaths were reported from 16 affected districts in regions bordering the endemic districts of Bihar in India.
Nepal is one of the five endemic countries in WHO’s South-East Asia Region implementing a kala-azar elimination programme. Since 2003, the number of cases has continuously declined, with only 150 cases reported in 2016.
PKDL cases are also detected. Humans seem to be the only reservoir, with infected patients and PKDL cases constituting the source of infection.
AVAILABLE /MEDIA/UPLOAD/ARXIUS/COUNTRY_PROFILES
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
Nicaragua
Nicaragua is endemic for visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.
Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by L. braziliensis and L. panamensis and the proven vectors are Lu. panamensis, Lu. trapidoi, Lu. ylephiletor and L. cruciate. It is one of the 10 high endemic countries sharing up to 90% of CL in the world. Between 2001 and 2016, a total of 50,829 cases have been reported.
Cutaneous nodular lesions and visceral leishmaniasis are caused by L. infantum with domestic dog as the reservoir host and the vectors know are Lu. longipalpis and Lu. evansi.
AVAILABLE /MEDIA/UPLOAD/ARXIUS/COUNTRY_PROFILES
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES