LEISHMANIASIS COUNTRY PROFILE – PRIORITY COUNTRIES
As part of a WHO-led effort to monitor the progress in the control or elimination of the leishmaniases, national control programmes in
countries where the burden of the disease is high for that particular WHO Region, are providing monthly or annual data on yearly basis.
Previous and latest /media/upload/arxius/country_profiles are therefore posted in this web page for comparative purposes.
The latest version summarizes information collected for 18 and 12 indicators, for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis respectively, on
epidemiology, control and surveillance, diagnosis and treatment outcome.
The latest version of the national guidelines is also posted if available.
In addition to the 43 new profiles based on routine surveillance data, a further 101 profiles for all endemic countries worldwide are included
containing information based on a literature review and expert opinion for data as of 2008 (maps) and 2010 (number of cases).
Country profiles have been provided by the WHO- Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD).
Georgia
Georgia is endemic for CL and VL.
CL is relatively less frequent than VL. Mandatory registration of CL started in 2001. Both CL and VL are underreported due to their relatively recent re-emergence and a consequent lack of awareness as well as the lack of a training programme for medical doctors.
VL is endemic in 20 municipalities (third sub-national administrative level) with 1.4 million population at risk. The main endemic area is between the capital (Tbilisi) and the Armenian border; many cases occur in Tbilisi which is an active focus with a high prevalence of human and canine cases. Most cases are recorded in children.
AVAILABLE
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
Guatemala
Guatemala is endemic for foci of visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. infantum with known or assumed canine reservoir hosts. The disease is zoonotic involving domestic dogs and wild canines (foxes, jackals, wolves) that serve as reservoir hosts and bring infection close to humans.
Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. panamensis, L mexicana, and L. braziliensis is also endemic... Between 2001 and 2016 a total of 10,309 CL cases have been reported.
Lu. longipalpis, Lu. ylephiletor, Lu. panamensis, Lu. trapidoi, Lu. ovallesi and other vector species are prevalent.
AVAILABLE
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
Guyana
Guyana is endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. guyanensis and L. braziliensis of zoonotic nature. Between 2003 and 2016 a total of 724 CL cases have been reported, witch in the last three years occurred the increase cases after capacity building of the professionals in microscopic diagnosis and treatment of leishmaniasis.
Transmission is associated with activities in forests thus peridomestic transmission occurs when dwellings are close to the forest. Transmission occurs throughout the year. Sloths (Choloepus didactylus) and anteaters (Tamandua tetradactyla) are the primary reservoir hosts. Marsupials, which are the secondary reservoir hosts, can be of major importance in areas where the ecology has been altered.
Proven vector is Lu. umbratilis, which rests on the trunk of large trees. Others are Lu. anduzei and Lu. panamensis.
AVAILABLE
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES