LEISHMANIASIS COUNTRY PROFILE – PRIORITY COUNTRIES
As part of a WHO-led effort to monitor the progress in the control or elimination of the leishmaniases, national control programmes in
countries where the burden of the disease is high for that particular WHO Region, are providing monthly or annual data on yearly basis.
Previous and latest /media/upload/arxius/country_profiles are therefore posted in this web page for comparative purposes.
The latest version summarizes information collected for 18 and 12 indicators, for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis respectively, on
epidemiology, control and surveillance, diagnosis and treatment outcome.
The latest version of the national guidelines is also posted if available.
In addition to the 43 new profiles based on routine surveillance data, a further 101 profiles for all endemic countries worldwide are included
containing information based on a literature review and expert opinion for data as of 2008 (maps) and 2010 (number of cases).
Country profiles have been provided by the WHO- Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD).
China
China is endemic for CL and VL.
CL caused by L. infantum occurs in Karamay, Xinjiang. CL caused by L. major is suspected to be present also in Xingjian, with an endemic area extending into Mongolia.
VL is endemic in six provinces with 229 million population at risk. VL caused by L. donovani has been reported from the eastern plains and desert regions of eastern China in the past. VL caused by L. infantum seems to be present in two subtypes, one of which has been reported in the western high altitude regions of the provinces of Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Sichuan. Dogs are the principal source of infection. The other subtype is reported in the deserts of the north-western regions of China, including Xinjiang, western Inner Mongolia and northern Gansu. Transmission is probably sylvatic.
AVAILABLE
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
Diagnostic criteria of leishmaniasis-WS 258-2006
Diagnostic criteria and principles of management of leishmaniasis-GB15986-1995
Colombia
Colombia is one of the three countries with the highest number of Leishmania species affecting humans in the world (nine species in total). Most cases are CL; a small proportion are MCL and VL.
Currently, 449 second sub-national administrative levels are endemic for CL with 20 million population at risk. Between 2000 and 2016, about 177,468CL cases were reported, peaking at 18 043 in 2005. Since then, at least 10,000 cases have been reported annually.
AVAILABLE
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
Protocolo de vigilancia en salud pública
Guia de atención clínica integral del paciente con leishmaniasis
Costa Rica
Costa Rica is endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis and sporadic cases of mucocutaneous and visceral forms are reported. Between 2001 and 2016, a total of 21,711 CL cases have been reported with an annual average of at least 1514 cases.
The leishmaniasis is zoonotic disease and the important parasite species are L. panamensis, L. mexicana, L. braziliensis, L. garnhami, and L.infantum. For CL caused by L. panamensis, the three- toed sloth, Bradypus griseus, is said to be the principal reservoir host in Costa Rica.
Vector species prevalent are Lu. ylephiletor, Lu. trapidoi, Lu. olmeca olmeca, Lu. olmeca bicolor and others.
AVAILABLE
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES