LEISHMANIASIS COUNTRY PROFILE – PRIORITY COUNTRIES
As part of a WHO-led effort to monitor the progress in the control or elimination of the leishmaniases, national control programmes in
countries where the burden of the disease is high for that particular WHO Region, are providing monthly or annual data on yearly basis.
Previous and latest /media/upload/arxius/country_profiles are therefore posted in this web page for comparative purposes.
The latest version summarizes information collected for 18 and 12 indicators, for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis respectively, on
epidemiology, control and surveillance, diagnosis and treatment outcome.
The latest version of the national guidelines is also posted if available.
In addition to the 43 new profiles based on routine surveillance data, a further 101 profiles for all endemic countries worldwide are included
containing information based on a literature review and expert opinion for data as of 2008 (maps) and 2010 (number of cases).
Country profiles have been provided by the WHO- Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD).
Bangladesh
Bangladesh is endemic for VL in the Indian sub-continent.
It is one of the five endemic countries in WHO’s South-East Asia Region implementing a kala-azar elimination programme. Currently, 100 upazilas (third sub-national administrative divisions) are endemic with 30 million population at risk. Between 1998 and 2014, about 78 530 VL cases were reported, peaking at 9379 in 2006. Since then, the number of cases has continuously declined, with only 650 cases reported in 2014.
PKDL cases are also detected and there is an increasing trend of reporting. Humans seem to be the only reservoir of infected patients, and PKDL cases constitute the source of infection.
AVAILABLE
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
Bolivia
Bolivia is endemic for cutaneous (CL), mucocutaneous (MCL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The transmission cycle of leishmaniasis is zoonotic, requiring the presence of an animal reservoir for the maintenance of the parasite in nature.
Bolivia is one of the three countries in the region of Americas reporting more cases of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis due to L. braziliensis. Other species present are L. amazonensis, L. guyanensis, L. lainsoni and L. infantum.
Vector species prevalent are Lu. neneztovari anglesi, Lu. flaviscutellata, Lu. nuneztovari, Lu. carrerai carrerai , Lu. ayrozai, L. yucumensis, Lu. llanosmartinsi, Lu. shawi, Lu. longipalpis, and recently it was identified Lu. cruzi in the endemic area border with Brazil.
AVAILABLE
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
Brazil
Brazil is endemic for CL, MCL and VL.
It reports the highest number of CL cases in South America. CL and MCL are endemic in large geographical areas of 1488 municipalities (second sub-national administrative level) with 97 million population at risk in 2016. VL is a health problem due to geographical expansion and represents 96% of VL cases in the Americas.
Canine VL is also widespread, with up to 20% of dogs infected in the highly endemic localities. The fatality rate related to VL and cases of VL–HIV coinfection have increased over the years.
AVAILABLE
DISTRIBUTION OF NEW CASES PER DISEASE FORM (MAPS)
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
Manual de vigilância da leishmaniose tegumentar 2017
Leishmaniose visceral: recomendações clinicas para reducão de letalidade 2011
Manual de vigilância e controle da leishmaniose visceral 2006